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<p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align:center"><b><span style="font-size:16.0pt"><img width="185" height="60" id="_x0000_i1026" src="cid:image001.gif@01D4863F.8120F770"></span></b><b><o:p></o:p></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b><o:p> </o:p></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">For Immediate Release<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b>November 27, 2018<o:p></o:p></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">CONTACT: Christine Lewis, BOLI, (971) 673-0841 <o:p>
</o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color:black"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align:center"><b><span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:black">Pamplin Broadcasting must pay Unpaid Wages and $41,024 in Civil Penalties<o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align:center"><i><span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:black">Media personalities Margie Boul</span></i><i><span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:black">é and Carl Wolfson entitled to unpaid
wages as misclassified employees<o:p></o:p></span></i></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:black"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:black">PORTLAND, OR—Pamplin Broadcasting-Oregon, a local media group, must pay more than $55,000 for violations of overtime pay and recordkeeping requirements, the Bureau of Labor and Industries
(BOLI) announced today.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:black"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:black">The
<a href="https://www.oregon.gov/boli/Final%20Order%200918%201018/Pamplin%20Final%20Order.pdf">
agency’s Final Order</a>, issued after a contested case hearing, stems from complaints filed with BOLI by Margie Boulé and Carl Wolfsohn (Wolfson) for unpaid overtime wages earned in 2016 and 2017, as former hosts of KPAM Radio’s “Margie and Carl” show operated
by Pamplin. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:black"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:black">BOLI determined in the order that Pamplin Broadcasting had improperly classified Boulé and Wolfsohn (Claimants) as independent contractors because their independent contractor agreements
did not reflect their actual working relationships with Pamplin.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:black"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:black">BOLI applied the “economic realities” test applied by courts and in previous agency orders to distinguish an employee from an independent contractor under Oregon’s minimum wage laws,
and found the majority of the factors weighed heavily in favor of an employer/employee relationship.
</span><span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif">This “economic realities” test consists of the following six factors, with no one factor being dispositive: (1) The degree of control exercised by the alleged employer; (2) The extent of the relative investments
of the worker and alleged employer; (3) The degree to which the worker’s opportunity for profit and loss is determined by the alleged employer; (4) The skill and initiative required in performing the job; (5) The permanency of the relationship; and (6) whether
the service performed was an integral part of Respondent’s business.<span style="color:black"> For more information regarding how these factors were applied in this case, see pages 31 to 34 of the order, or the summary of the facts considered at the bottom
of this release. <o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif">BOLI’s determined in the Final Order that the majority of the above factors weigh in favor of an employer/employee relationship. Accordingly, Pamplin did not sustain its burden of proving that
Claimants were independent contractors. </span><span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:black"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:black"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif">Pamplin advanced an alternative argument, contending that that if the wage claimants were employees, they were exempt from overtime as “creative professional” employees. However,
<span style="color:black">Boulé and Wolfsohn were determined in the order to be employed on a piece rate (per show) basis, and the law requires</span> employees to be paid on a salary basis (not piece rate) in order to be considered for exempt status.
<span style="color:black"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:black"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:black">The BOLI Final Order assesses back wages owed for overtime, civil penalties, and interest on both the wages and penalties.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:black"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p style="background:white"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:black">Under Oregon law, employers have the obligation to maintain workers’ time and payroll records and provide them to BOLI upon request. Records were
neither kept nor provided to BOLI investigators. Civil penalties are being assessed in the order for Pamplin’s willful failure to keep these employee records.
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:black">Previous BOLI wage and hour investigations have helped misclassified employees in many sectors and industries secure unpaid wages and access overtime and sick leave protections.
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:black"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:black">Employees</span><span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif"> with wage and hour claims or complaints may contact the Wage and Hour Division at (971) 673-0844 or via email at
<a href="mailto:whdemail@boli.state.or.us">whdemail@boli.state.or.us</a>. Under Oregon civil rights law, employers may not retaliate against employees for reporting wage violations.
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif">Employers seeking compliance guidance may contact the agency’s Technical Assistance for Employers hotline at (971) 673-0824. For more information about BOLI’s effort to support employers and
protect workers, please visit the agency’s website at oregon.gov/BOLI/Pages. <o:p>
</o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif">̶<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="POCaption"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;color:black">The following is a summary of facts considered in the economic realities test and the considerations of the factors in the BOLI Final Order. For the complete analysis, see pages 30 to 34 of BOLI
</span><span style="font-size:11.0pt">Case No.<b> </b>09-18 & 10-18<b>.<o:p></o:p></b></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:black"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:black"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraph" style="margin-left:.75in;mso-add-space:auto;text-align:justify;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l1 level1 lfo1">
<![if !supportLists]><i><span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif"><span style="mso-list:Ignore">1.<span style="font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"">
</span></span></span></i><![endif]><i><span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif">Degree of Control Exercised by Pamplin<o:p></o:p></span></i></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:1.0in;text-align:justify"><span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif">While there was extensive collaboration on the content of the show, the facts lean in favor of an employment relationship due to the structure, framework
and guidance provided by Pamplin management. Some of the facts considered:<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraph" style="margin-left:1.0in;mso-add-space:auto;text-align:justify;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo2">
<![if !supportLists]><span style="font-family:Symbol"><span style="mso-list:Ignore">·<span style="font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"">
</span></span></span><![endif]><span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif">Pamplin requested, but did not require, Boulé and Wolfsohn to work with Westwood One network reporters when conducting interviews about breaking news stories. For local news, Pamplin
encouraged them to use Pamplin print news reporters in order to cross market the publications.
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormalCxSpFirst" style="margin-left:1.0in;mso-add-space:auto;text-align:justify;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo2">
<![if !supportLists]><span style="font-family:Symbol"><span style="mso-list:Ignore">·<span style="font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"">
</span></span></span><![endif]><span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif">The segments in the three-hour radio show were proscribed by the “show clock” that dictated what type of content filled in each minute of the show. For example, there was a sports
segment with Portland Winterhawks announcer Ron Callan, and a technology segment once a week featuring another KPAM radio host. There was also a news quiz. All of the content that went on the air was discussed and agreed upon by the show’s producer, Wolfsohn
and Boulé.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left:1.0in;mso-add-space:auto;text-align:justify;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo2">
<![if !supportLists]><span style="font-family:Symbol"><span style="mso-list:Ignore">·<span style="font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"">
</span></span></span><![endif]><span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif">Claimants were required to attend staff meetings. In staff meetings, program directors provided input as to the tone, tenor and content of the show. The show’s producer worked collaboratively
with Claimants in suggesting show content and guests. A program director told Claimants that the content on the show must be “interesting, entertaining and relevant.” KPAM informed Boulé and Wolfsohn to be evenhanded when discussing political issues because
the listeners included both liberal and conservative voters.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormalCxSpLast" style="margin-left:1.0in;mso-add-space:auto;text-align:justify">
<span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraph" style="margin-left:.75in;mso-add-space:auto;text-align:justify;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l1 level1 lfo1">
<![if !supportLists]><i><span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif"><span style="mso-list:Ignore">2.<span style="font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"">
</span></span></span></i><![endif]><i><span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif">Extent of Relative Investments of Boulé/Wolfsohn and Pamplin<o:p></o:p></span></i></p>
<p class="MsoNormalCxSpFirst" style="margin-left:1.0in;mso-add-space:auto;text-align:justify;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l2 level1 lfo3">
<![if !supportLists]><span style="font-family:Symbol"><span style="mso-list:Ignore">·<span style="font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"">
</span></span></span><![endif]><span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif">Pamplin made the vast majority of the investments needed for Boulé and Wolfsohn to do their work as radio show hosts. Pamplin provided Boulé and Wolfsohn with cubicles, desks, business
cards, computers and printers to use while at the studio, email addresses, telephones, office supplies and the use of studio equipment. Pamplin created a logo for “The Margie and Carl Show,” arranged for professional pictures to be taken of Boulé and Wolfsohn,
and created the “open” for “The Margie and Carl Show” that was played at the beginning of each show. KPAM created the Facebook page for “The Margie and Carl Show.” Boulé and Wolfsohn used their own personal headphones and could work from home using their personal
computers.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left:1.0in;mso-add-space:auto;text-align:justify;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l2 level1 lfo3">
<![if !supportLists]><span style="font-family:Symbol"><span style="mso-list:Ignore">·<span style="font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"">
</span></span></span><![endif]><span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif">Pamplin offered to pay for hotel rooms for both Claimants to stay in during snow storms so they could get to the studio to host the show, and paid for a hotel for Boulé after she accepted
the offer. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormalCxSpLast" style="margin-left:1.0in;mso-add-space:auto;text-align:justify">
<span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraph" style="margin-left:.75in;mso-add-space:auto;text-align:justify;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l1 level1 lfo1">
<![if !supportLists]><i><span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif"><span style="mso-list:Ignore">3.<span style="font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"">
</span></span></span></i><![endif]><i><span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif">Degree to Which Pamplin Determined Profit and Loss<o:p></o:p></span></i></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:1.0in;text-align:justify"><span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif">When Pamplin approached Boulé and Wolfsohn to host a radio show, they were each informed that they would be paid $200 per show and that the amount
was not negotiable. Claimants and other radio hosts at KPAM were permitted to take on other paying work, but Boulé and Wolfsohn did not do so. Claimants received separate talent fees for endorsements and sponsorships. Those fees were paid to the radio station
by sponsors and, in turn, Pamplin issued checks to Claimants for those fees. While Claimants had some opportunity to earn extra money with outside work and endorsements, the record shows that the bulk of their pay came in the form of the payments they received
for hosting the show.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:1.0in;text-align:justify;text-indent:.5in">
<span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraph" style="margin-left:.75in;mso-add-space:auto;text-align:justify;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l1 level1 lfo1">
<![if !supportLists]><i><span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif"><span style="mso-list:Ignore">4.<span style="font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"">
</span></span></span></i><![endif]><i><span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif">Skill and Initiative Required to Perform the Job<o:p></o:p></span></i></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:1.0in;text-align:justify"><span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif">Boulé and Wolfsohn understood that they needed to provide funny, interesting and original content. Each show required a significant amount of off-air
preparation prior to the show. They emailed each other and the show’s producers to discuss the topics that they might cover each day. They needed to research topics sufficiently so that they sounded spontaneous in their discussions. Wolfsohn recorded a
segment titled “Day in History” that he had performed on another radio show in the past. Wolfsohn had 10 years of radio experience, which included previously hosting his own show. Boulé had many years of experience appearing on television and writing a newspaper
column. All of these facts demonstrate their extensive experience in their field. However, when analyzing the “skill and initiative” component of the independent contractor analysis, BOLI has focused on whether a worker’s income stream was dependent upon
that person’s initiative. In this case, although Claimants’ previous media experience was useful to them in knowing how to prepare for each day’s show, they always made $200 per show. They could not use their “initiative” to generate more wage income for
themselves. Accordingly, this factor was determined to lean in favor of an employer/employee relationship.
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:1.0in;text-align:justify;text-indent:.5in">
<span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraph" style="margin-left:.75in;mso-add-space:auto;text-align:justify;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l1 level1 lfo1">
<![if !supportLists]><i><span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif"><span style="mso-list:Ignore">5.<span style="font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"">
</span></span></span></i><![endif]><i><span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif">Permanency of the Relationship<o:p></o:p></span></i></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:1.0in;text-align:justify"><span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif">Claimants were initially hired to fill in for other hosts who were away due to illness or on vacation. However, they transitioned into hosting their
own radio show. Additionally, Claimants had several discussions with Pamplin management about entering into a permanent contract with a salary and benefits. Based on these discussions, up until the time of their termination, Claimants understood and believed
Pamplin would be permanently replacing the previous radio show with “The Margie and Carl Show.”
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:1.0in;text-align:justify;text-indent:.5in">
<span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraph" style="margin-left:.75in;mso-add-space:auto;text-align:justify;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l1 level1 lfo1">
<![if !supportLists]><i><span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif"><span style="mso-list:Ignore">6.<span style="font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"">
</span></span></span></i><![endif]><i><span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif">Whether the Work Performed Was an Integral Part of Pamplin’s Business<o:p></o:p></span></i></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:1.0in;text-align:justify"><span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif">Pamplin operated a radio station pursuant to a license from the FCC and, thus, was obligated to broadcast radio content throughout the day. As radio
show hosts, Claimants provided the content that was integral to Pamplin’s business.
</span><span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif">Pamplin argued that Claimants’ radio show hosting was not essential to its business because Pamplin could have arranged for a syndicated program to fill the time slot. BOLI’s Final Order ruled that regardless
of whether that was an option, Claimants’ radio show was an integral part of KPAM’s radio news business.</span><sup><span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif">
</span></sup><span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif">###<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;color:#1F4E79">Christine E. Lewis<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;color:#1F4E79">Legislative and Communications Director<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:3.0pt;color:#1F4E79"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color:#1F497D"><img border="0" width="143" height="56" id="Picture_x0020_1" src="cid:image002.jpg@01D4863F.8120F770" alt="BOLI_logo_black_textBIT"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:3.0pt;color:#1F497D"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:9.0pt;color:#1F4E79">800 NE Oregon Street, Suite 1045<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:9.0pt;color:#1F4E79">Portland, OR 97232-2180<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color:#1F4E79">Direct: 971.673.0841<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color:#1F4E79">Cell: 503.382.7934<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:9.0pt;color:#1F4E79">Pronouns: she, her<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
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