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<p class="MsoNormal"><a name="_Hlk122600425">Good afternoon,<span style="mso-ligatures:none"><o:p></o:p></span></a></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-bookmark:_Hlk122600425"> <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-bookmark:_Hlk122600425">The SOC Services team is reporting on the vulnerability:</span><span style="mso-bookmark:_Hlk122600425"><span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;mso-ligatures:none">
</span></span><span style="mso-bookmark:_Hlk122600425"><b>CVE-2023-47565 QNAP VioStor NVR OS Command Injection Vulnerability & CVE-2023-49897 FXC AE1021, AE1021PE OS Command Injection Vulnerability</b></span><span style="mso-bookmark:_Hlk122600425">. Due to
its high visibility and knowledge of the software installed in the state environment, we are providing this in-depth information:<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-bookmark:_Hlk122600425"><span style="background:yellow;mso-highlight:yellow"><o:p> </o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-bookmark:_Hlk122600425"><b><u>History</u></b></span><span style="mso-bookmark:_Hlk122600425">: On December 21, 2023, CISA added CVE-2023-47565 to the Known Exploited Vulnerabilities Catalog; CVE-2023-47565 is an OS command
injection vulnerability in legacy QNAP VioStor NVR with a CVSS score of 8.0. On June 21, 2014, the vulnerability was fixed in the 5.0.0 firmware update. CISA also added CVE-2023-49897, an OS Command Injection Vulnerability in the AE1021 and AE1021PE firmware
for FXC products.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-bookmark:_Hlk122600425"><span style="background:yellow;mso-highlight:yellow"><o:p> </o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-bookmark:_Hlk122600425">QNAP affected versions:<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<ul style="margin-top:0in" type="disc">
<li class="MsoListParagraph" style="margin-left:0in;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo6"><span style="mso-bookmark:_Hlk122600425">QVR firmware 4.X<o:p></o:p></span></li></ul>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-bookmark:_Hlk122600425">QNAP fixed versions:<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<ul style="margin-top:0in" type="disc">
<li class="MsoListParagraph" style="margin-left:0in;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo6"><span style="mso-bookmark:_Hlk122600425">QVR firmware 5.X and later<o:p></o:p></span></li></ul>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-bookmark:_Hlk122600425"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-bookmark:_Hlk122600425">QNAP has released security advisory qsa-23-48 regarding this vulnerability which can be found here:
</span><a href="https://www.qnap.com/en-us/security-advisory/qsa-23-48"><span style="mso-bookmark:_Hlk122600425">https://www.qnap.com/en-us/security-advisory/qsa-23-48</span><span style="mso-bookmark:_Hlk122600425"></span></a><span style="mso-bookmark:_Hlk122600425"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-bookmark:_Hlk122600425"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-bookmark:_Hlk122600425">FXC affected versions:<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<ul style="margin-top:0in" type="disc">
<li class="MsoListParagraph" style="margin-left:0in;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo6"><span style="mso-bookmark:_Hlk122600425">AE1021PE firmware 2.09 and earlier<o:p></o:p></span></li><li class="MsoListParagraph" style="margin-left:0in;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo6"><span style="mso-bookmark:_Hlk122600425">AE1021 firmware 2.09 and earlier<o:p></o:p></span></li></ul>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-bookmark:_Hlk122600425">FXC fixed versions:<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<ul style="margin-top:0in" type="disc">
<li class="MsoListParagraph" style="margin-left:0in;mso-list:l5 level1 lfo7"><span style="mso-bookmark:_Hlk122600425">AE1021PE firmware 2.0.1.0<o:p></o:p></span></li><li class="MsoListParagraph" style="margin-left:0in;mso-list:l5 level1 lfo7"><span style="mso-bookmark:_Hlk122600425">AE1021 firmware 2.0.1.0<o:p></o:p></span></li></ul>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-bookmark:_Hlk122600425"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-bookmark:_Hlk122600425">A translated version (Original is in Japanese) of the security advisory from FXC can be found here:
</span><a href="https://jvn.jp/en/vu/JVNVU92152057/"><span style="mso-bookmark:_Hlk122600425">https://jvn.jp/en/vu/JVNVU92152057/</span><span style="mso-bookmark:_Hlk122600425"></span></a><span style="mso-bookmark:_Hlk122600425"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-bookmark:_Hlk122600425"><span style="background:yellow;mso-highlight:yellow"><o:p> </o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-bookmark:_Hlk122600425"><b><u>Intelligence</u></b></span><span style="mso-bookmark:_Hlk122600425">: As of December, 21, 2023, the vulnerabilities have been confirmed as being exploited in the wild. Both of the vulnerabilities
have been exploited in the “InfectedSlurs” botnet.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-bookmark:_Hlk122600425"><b><u><span style="background:yellow;mso-highlight:yellow"><o:p><span style="text-decoration:none"> </span></o:p></span></u></b></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-bookmark:_Hlk122600425"><b><u>Workarounds:</u></b></span><span style="mso-bookmark:_Hlk122600425"> There are no workarounds for these vulnerabilities.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-bookmark:_Hlk122600425"><b><u><span style="background:yellow;mso-highlight:yellow"><o:p><span style="text-decoration:none"> </span></o:p></span></u></b></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-bookmark:_Hlk122600425"><b><u>How it works</u></b></span><span style="mso-bookmark:_Hlk122600425">: Akami has provided extensive information as to how these vulnerabilities are being exploited in the wild as well as detection
via detection via Snort rules and YARA rules, indicators of compromise, malware samples, and C2 domains. The blog post by Akami can be found here:
</span><a href="https://www.akamai.com/blog/security-research/new-rce-botnet-spreads-mirai-via-zero-days"><span style="mso-bookmark:_Hlk122600425">https://www.akamai.com/blog/security-research/new-rce-botnet-spreads-mirai-via-zero-days</span><span style="mso-bookmark:_Hlk122600425"></span></a><span style="mso-bookmark:_Hlk122600425">.
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-bookmark:_Hlk122600425"><span style="background:yellow;mso-highlight:yellow"><o:p> </o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-bookmark:_Hlk122600425"><b><u>Post-Exploit</u></b></span><span style="mso-bookmark:_Hlk122600425">: Upon successful exploitation of CVE-2023-47565, authenticated users could execute commands via a network. Upon successful
exploitation of CVE-2023-49897, authenticated users could execute OS commands.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-bookmark:_Hlk122600425"><span style="background:yellow;mso-highlight:yellow"><o:p> </o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:12.0pt"><span style="mso-bookmark:_Hlk122600425">As of December 21, 2023, Tenable has not released any plugins for these vulnerabilities and has no plugins in the pipeline.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-bookmark:_Hlk122600425"><b><u>Recommended Actions</u></b></span><span style="mso-bookmark:_Hlk122600425">:<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-bookmark:_Hlk122600425"> <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<ul style="margin-top:0in" type="disc">
<li class="MsoNormal" style="mso-list:l2 level1 lfo4"><span style="mso-bookmark:_Hlk122600425">Verify host has not been compromised before applying patches.<o:p></o:p></span></li><li class="MsoNormal" style="mso-list:l2 level1 lfo4"><span style="mso-bookmark:_Hlk122600425">Apply appropriate updates provided by vendor to vulnerable systems immediately after appropriate testing.<o:p></o:p></span></li><li class="MsoNormal" style="mso-list:l2 level1 lfo4"><span style="mso-bookmark:_Hlk122600425">Run all software as a non-privileged user (one without administrative privileges) to diminish the effects of a successful attack.<o:p></o:p></span></li><li class="MsoNormal" style="mso-list:l2 level1 lfo4"><span style="mso-bookmark:_Hlk122600425">Apply the Principle of Least Privilege to all systems and services.<o:p></o:p></span></li></ul>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-bookmark:_Hlk122600425"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-bookmark:_Hlk122600425"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:105%"><b><span style="mso-ligatures:none">Cyber Security Services<o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:105%"><span style="mso-ligatures:none">State of Oregon Cyber Security Services<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:105%"><span style="mso-ligatures:none">Enterprise Information Services | SOC<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:105%"><span style="mso-ligatures:none">Cyber Security Services (CSS)<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:105%"><span style="mso-ligatures:none">SOC Hotline: (503) 378-5930 | SOC Services (503) 373-0378<span style="color:#1F497D"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:105%"><i><span style="color:#2E74B5;mso-ligatures:none">“Ensuring user-friendly, reliable and secure state technology systems that serve Oregonians.”<o:p></o:p></span></i></p>
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