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<p class="MsoNormal">(From the DOJ’s Appellate Division case summary)<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">ASSAULT—PHYSICAL INJURY: Evidence that defendant smothered the victim with<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">a pillow for five seconds, during which she could not breathe and feared for her<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">survival, supported a conviction for fourth-degree assault, ORS 163.160(1).<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">COERCION: The evidence was insufficient to prove coercion, ORS 163.275(1)(a),<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">because it failed to prove that defendant had the requisite intent and that his<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">conduct in fact compelled the victim to abstain from any conduct that she was<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">legally entitled to engage.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">SENTENCING—MERGER: The sentencing court correctly declined to merge the<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">assault conviction based on defendant’s smothering of the victim into the conviction<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">for strangulation, because each crime contains different mental state and result<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">elements, ORS 161.067(1).<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b>State v. Hendricks, 273 Or App 1, __ P3d __ (2015) (Lane) (AAG Karla Ferrall).<o:p></o:p></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">During a domestic assault, while he was intoxicated, defendant struck the victim<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">repeatedly with his fists and smothered her with a pillow for five seconds. He was<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">charged with, among other offenses, three counts of fourth-degree assault<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">(ORS 163.160), strangulation (ORS 163.187), and coercion (ORS 163.275(1)(a)). At<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">trial, he moved for a judgment of acquittal on one assault charge based on the smothering<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">and the coercion charge. The trial court (Judge Suzanne Chanti) denied those motions.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">The coercion charge went to the jury on a theory that defendant had compelled the victim<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">“to abstain from engaging in conduct that [she] had a legal right to engage in.” The jury<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">found defendant guilty on those charges. At sentencing, the court denied defendant’s<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">request to merge the assault conviction based on the smothering into the strangulation<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">conviction.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b>Held</b>: Conviction for coercion reversed; remanded for resentencing; otherwise<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">affirmed (Haselton, C.J.) [1] The trial court correctly denied defendant’s motion for<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">judgment of acquittal on the assault charge based on the smothering, because the<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">evidence sufficiently established that the victim suffered “physical injury.” The<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">smothering caused her to be completely unable to breathe for a sufficient period that she<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">feared for her survival, and a reasonable juror could find that the duration of the conduct<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">was sufficient to materially impair her bodily function. [2] The trial court erred when it<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">denied his motion for judgment of acquittal on the coercion count, because the evidence<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">failed to prove that he had the requisite intent or that his conduct in fact compelled the<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">victim to abstain from any conduct that she was legally entitled to engage. [3] The<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">sentencing court correctly declined to merge the assault conviction based on the<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">smothering into the conviction for strangulation, because each crime contains different<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">mental-state and result elements, ORS 161.067(1). Moreover, defendant did not develop<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">an argument that the physical-injury element of assault charge necessarily encompassed<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">the result element of strangulation.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><a href="http://www.publications.ojd.state.or.us/docs/A148546.pdf">http://www.publications.ojd.state.or.us/docs/A148546.pdf</a><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">_______________________________________________________________________________<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">KIDNAPPING: Defendant confined victim in a place where she was “not likely to<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">be found,” despite the presences of others, because he took steps to ensure that she<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">was unlikely to be found by anyone who could reasonably be expected to help her.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">SEXUAL OFFENSES—SUFFICIENCY OF EVIDENCE (FORCIBLE COMPULSION):<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Extended physical and sexual assault of victim allowed jury to find causal<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">connection between physical assault and sexual penetration.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b>State v. Kawamoto, 273 Or App 241, __ P3d __ (2015) (Multnomah)<o:p></o:p></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b>(AAG Rebecca Auten)</b>. Defendant held the victim in a bedroom at his home for<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">approximately two days, during which time he severely beat her and committed a series<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">of violent sex acts against her, including penetrating her anus with a baseball bat.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Defendant was charged with first-degree kidnapping, ORS 163.235(1), and unlawful<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">sexual penetration, ORS 163.411(1)(a), among other offenses. At trial, he moved for<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">judgment of acquittal of both charges. As to kidnapping, defendant argued that he had<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">not confined the victim in a place where she was “not likely to be found,” because two of<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">his friends knew where she was. As to unlawful sexual penetration, he argued that the<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">state had failed to prove a sufficient causal connection between his physical violence and<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">the act of penetration. The trial court (Judge Stephen K. Bushong) denied the motion,<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">and a jury found defendant guilty.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Held: Affirmed (Garrett, J.). The trial court correctly denied defendant’s motion<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">for judgment of acquittal [1] “The text and context make it clear that the purpose of the<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">[kidnapping] statute is to prohibit the confinement of a person in a place where she is not<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">likely to be found by those who could reasonably be expected to assist her. ...<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Defendant’s actions demonstrated a ‘calculated effort’ to ensure that the victim would not<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">be found by any observer who would help her. Defendant had concealed the victim in a<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">bedroom over the course of two days, covered her in bedding when police arrived, and<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">drawn the curtains and locked the front door.” [2] Despite “the victim’s inability to<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">reconstruct all that occurred in chronological detail, the record is sufficient to show that<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">defendant committed the penetrative act in the course of an ‘extended episode of<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">violence,’ in which the victim was threatened and severely beaten, and her freedom of<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">movement was restrained. ... [A] rational factfinder could determine that the penetrative<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">act was ‘forcibly compelled’ by either the physical violence that preceded it or the threat<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">of more to come.”<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><a href="http://www.publications.ojd.state.or.us/docs/A151448.pdf">http://www.publications.ojd.state.or.us/docs/A151448.pdf</a><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Palatino Linotype","serif";color:#1F497D">Erin S. Greenawald</span></b><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Palatino Linotype","serif";color:#1F497D"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Palatino Linotype","serif";color:#1F497D">Sr. Assistant Attorney General | DA/LE Assistance| Criminal Justice Division<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Palatino Linotype","serif";color:#1F497D">Oregon Department of Justice<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Palatino Linotype","serif";color:#1F497D">2250 McGilchrist Street SE, Suite 100, Salem OR 97302<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Palatino Linotype","serif";color:#1F497D">Main: 503.378.6347 | Desk: 503.934.2024 | Fax: 503.373.1937</span><span style="font-family:"Palatino Linotype","serif";color:#1F497D">
</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Palatino Linotype","serif";color:#1F497D"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
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