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<p class="MsoNormal"><i>Martinez</i> is a drug case but the issues on appeal (admissibility of text messages and Adoptive Admissions) are relevant in a lot of DV cases:<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b><i><o:p> </o:p></i></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b><i>State v. Martinez</i></b>, 275 Or App 451, __ P3d __ (2015) (Malheur) (AAG Rolf<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Moan).<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">“That is, as the state correctly points out, defendant’s failure at trial to distinguish “clearly admissible” text messages from others<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">within the same exhibit may present a problem for defendant under
<i>State v. Brown</i>, 310 Or 347, 800 P2d 259 (1990),<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">where the Supreme Court explained that, <i>“ ‘[w]hen evidence is offered as a whole and an objection is made to the evidence<o:p></o:p></i></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><i>as a whole and is overruled, the trial court will ordinarily not be reversed on appeal if any portion of the offered evidence was properly admissible,<o:p></o:p></i></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><i>despite the fact that other portions would not have been admissible had proper objections been made to such portions of the offered evidence.’ ”<o:p></o:p></i></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><i>Id. </i>at 359 (quoting <i>Sproul v. Fossi</i>, 274 Or 749, 755, 548 P2d 970 (1976)). Thus, for example, where a defendant makes a general objection to
<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">the trial court’s admission of an entire 9-1-1 recording without differentiating between admissible and objectionable statements, and where a portion of the<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">recording is admissible, the defendant’s challenge will fail.
<i>See State v. Garcia</i>, 206 Or App 745, 750, 138 P3d 927 (2006)<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">(“[I]f any one of [the victim’s] statements contained on the tape recording satisfies a hearsay exception, we will uphold<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">the trial court’s ruling on the admissibility of the tape recording.”);
<i>State v. Hasson</i>, 153 Or App 527, 531, 958 P2d<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">183 (1998). The same rule applies to exhibits.<i><span style="font-family:"NewCenturySchlbk-Italic","serif"">
</span>See Brown v. J.C. Penney Co.</i>, 297 Or 695, 705, 688 P2d 811 (1984).<i> </i>
Cite as 275 Or App 451 (2015) 461 <i><o:p></o:p></i></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Consequently, if any one of the text messages contained in each of the state’s exhibits was properly admitted, we must<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">affirm the trial court’s ruling on the admissibility of that entire exhibit.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">We first consider Exhibit 51 (the text message conversation between defendant and Ibarra), which the trial court allowed<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">under the <b>“adoptive admission”</b> rule set out in OEC 801(4)(b)(B). Again, that rule provides that
<i>a statement<o:p></o:p></i></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><i>made by another person is not hearsay if the statement is offered against a party who has manifested an adoption of the statement<o:p></o:p></i></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><i>or a belief in its truth.</i> In <i>State v. Carlson</i>, 311 Or 201, 808 P2d 1002 (1991), the leading Oregon case<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">on adoptive admissions, the Supreme Court explained as follows:<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">“A party <i>adopts </i>the proffered statement of another person when that party’s words or conduct indicate that [he or she]<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">intended to adopt the statement. A party manifests a <i>belief
</i>in the truth of another’s statement when the party intends<i><o:p></o:p></i></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">to embrace the truth of the statement, <i>i.e</i>., intends to agree with or approve the contents of the statement. A mere<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">listening presence does not indicate that a party has manifested an adoption of or a belief in the truth of another<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">person’s statement.” <i>Id</i>. at 207 (citations and internal quotation marks omitted;<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">emphases and brackets in original). The Supreme Court noted that “[m]anifestation of an adoption or belief in the<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">truth of a hearsay statement of another may occur ‘expressly, impliedly, by conduct or, in a civil case, by silence.’ ”
<i>Id</i>.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">(quoting <i>State v. Severson</i>, 298 Or 652, 657, 696 P2d 521 (1985)).”<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><a href="http://www.publications.ojd.state.or.us/docs/A152946.pdf">http://www.publications.ojd.state.or.us/docs/A152946.pdf</a><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><u>Physical Injury case: (From Appellate Division’s Legal Update):
<o:p></o:p></u></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b>Victim’s testimony that she felt a “sting” when defendant slapped her<o:p></o:p></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b>was insufficient to support a finding of “physical injury.”<o:p></o:p></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b><i>State v. Johnson</i></b>, 275 Or App 468, __ P3d __ (2015) (<i>per curiam</i>) (Multnomah)<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">(AAG Rebecca Auten). As a result of a domestic dispute, defendant was charged with,<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">among other offenses, fourth-degree assault for slapping the victim, ORS 163.160. At<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">trial, the victim testified that she felt “a sting” when he slapped her. He moved for a<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">judgment of acquittal on that charge, but the trial court (Judge Karin Immergut) denied<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">the motion.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><i>Held</i>: Assault conviction reversed; remanded for resentencing; otherwise affirmed.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Physical injury means substantial pain or impairment of a physical condition. The<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">victim’s testimony that she felt a “sting” is “insufficient to support a finding of<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">substantial pain. Moreover, there is no evidence that the victim suffered any impairment<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">of her physical condition as a result of defendant’s slap.”<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><a href="http://www.publications.ojd.state.or.us/docs/A151101.pdf">http://www.publications.ojd.state.or.us/docs/A151101.pdf</a><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">NOTE: **Defendant was convicted of 17 charges, specifically,<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">five counts of assault in the fourth degree, ORS 163.160; six<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">counts of harassment, ORS 166.065; three counts of coercion,<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">ORS 163.275; and one count each of sexual abuse in<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">the second degree, ORS 163.425, menacing, ORS 163.190,<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">and strangulation, ORS 163.187. All but the Harassment charges were charged using the “constituting DV” language.
<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Palatino Linotype","serif";color:#1F497D">Erin S. Greenawald</span></b><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Palatino Linotype","serif";color:#1F497D"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Palatino Linotype","serif";color:#1F497D">Sr. Assistant Attorney General | DA/LE Assistance| Criminal Justice Division<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Palatino Linotype","serif";color:#1F497D">Oregon Department of Justice<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Palatino Linotype","serif";color:#1F497D">2250 McGilchrist Street SE, Suite 100, Salem OR 97302<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Palatino Linotype","serif";color:#1F497D">Main: 503.378.6347 | Desk: 503.934.2024 | Fax: 503.373.1937</span><span style="font-family:"Palatino Linotype","serif";color:#1F497D">
</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Palatino Linotype","serif";color:#1F497D"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
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