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<p class="MsoNormal">On July 15<sup>th</sup>, Governor Brown issued an Executive Order (EO) related to gun violence (attached above). A central component of the EO is the creation of a workgroup devoted to look at the issue of firearms and domestic violence.
<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><u>As a reminder, here’s what DV/Gun Violence “looks” like in Oregon and around the country:<o:p></o:p></u></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><u><o:p><span style="text-decoration:none"> </span></o:p></u></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">In 2015, 48 Oregonians died in DV-related incidents. Of those deaths, 66% were caused by firearms. This was not an atypical year (as you’ll note in the research below).
<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">It is undisputed that the introduction of guns into a domestic violence relationship greatly increases the potential for lethality for victims (and perpetrators), as well as the police officers who often have to intervene in domestic violence
situations. There is also recent information demonstrating that a majority of the mass shootings in the United States are related to domestic or family violence. Furthermore, perpetrators of mass shootings (not related to domestic or family violence) often
have a previous history of domestic violence.<a style="mso-footnote-id:ftn1" href="#_ftn1" name="_ftnref1" title=""><sup><sup><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";mso-fareast-language:EN-US">[1]</span></sup></sup></a> In addition
to lethal incidents involving domestic violence perpetrators and guns, it has been shown that abusers who possess firearms tend to inflict the most severe abuse on their victims.
<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><u>The following statistics bear out the truth of these statements</u>:<o:p></o:p></p>
<ul style="margin-top:0in" type="disc">
<li class="MsoNormal" style="mso-list:l0 level1 lfo1">Abused women are <b>five times</b> more likely to be killed by their abuser if the abuser owns a firearm.<a style="mso-footnote-id:ftn2" href="#_ftn2" name="_ftnref2" title=""><sup><sup><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";mso-fareast-language:EN-US">[2]</span></sup></sup></a><o:p></o:p></li><li class="MsoNormal" style="mso-list:l0 level1 lfo1">Domestic violence assaults involving a gun are
<b>twelve times</b> more likely to result in death than those involving other weapons or bodily force.
<a style="mso-footnote-id:ftn3" href="#_ftn3" name="_ftnref3" title=""><sup><sup><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";mso-fareast-language:EN-US">[3]</span></sup></sup></a><o:p></o:p></li><li class="MsoNormal" style="mso-list:l0 level1 lfo1">A perpetrator’s prior threat or assault with a firearm results in
<b>twenty times higher risk</b> of death in the context of an intimate partner relationship.
<a style="mso-footnote-id:ftn4" href="#_ftn4" name="_ftnref4" title=""><sup><sup><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";mso-fareast-language:EN-US">[4]</span></sup></sup></a><o:p></o:p></li></ul>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><u>Information about DV-related deaths in Oregon corroborates the national studies</u>:
<o:p></o:p></p>
<ul style="margin-top:0in" type="disc">
<li class="MsoNormal" style="mso-list:l1 level1 lfo2">DV-related homicides on average comprise 20% of all violent deaths in Oregon.<a style="mso-footnote-id:ftn5" href="#_ftn5" name="_ftnref5" title=""><sup><sup><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";mso-fareast-language:EN-US">[5]</span></sup></sup></a>
<o:p></o:p></li><li class="MsoNormal" style="mso-list:l1 level1 lfo2">Sixty-plus percent of all DV-related homicides in Oregon are the result of a gunshot wound.<a style="mso-footnote-id:ftn6" href="#_ftn6" name="_ftnref6" title=""><sup><sup><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";mso-fareast-language:EN-US">[6]</span></sup></sup></a>
<o:p></o:p></li><li class="MsoNormal" style="mso-list:l1 level1 lfo2">Nearly 75% of all homicide/suicides are DV-related. 85% (or more) involve the use of a firearm.<a style="mso-footnote-id:ftn7" href="#_ftn7" name="_ftnref7" title=""><sup><sup><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";mso-fareast-language:EN-US">[7]</span></sup></sup></a>
<o:p></o:p></li></ul>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">As stated above, it’s not just domestic violence victims who are at risk from perpetrators with guns.
<u>Police officers and members of the public are in great danger of injury or death when identified DV offenders own, possess, or have access to firearms:<o:p></o:p></u></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<ul style="margin-top:0in" type="disc">
<li class="MsoNormal" style="mso-list:l2 level1 lfo3">From 1996-2009, fourteen percent of all officers killed on duty were responding to DV calls.<a style="mso-footnote-id:ftn8" href="#_ftn8" name="_ftnref8" title=""><sup><sup><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";mso-fareast-language:EN-US">[8]</span></sup></sup></a><o:p></o:p></li><li class="MsoNormal" style="mso-list:l2 level1 lfo3">From 1996-2009, ninety-seven percent of officers killed on DV calls were murdered with firearms.
<a style="mso-footnote-id:ftn9" href="#_ftn9" name="_ftnref9" title=""><sup><sup><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";mso-fareast-language:EN-US">[9]</span></sup></sup></a><o:p></o:p></li><li class="MsoNormal" style="mso-list:l2 level1 lfo3">A study of every identifiable mass shooting (shooting in which four or more people were murdered) between January 2009 and July 2014 found that 57% of them involved the killing of a family member or a current
or former intimate partner of the shooter. <a style="mso-footnote-id:ftn10" href="#_ftn10" name="_ftnref10" title="">
<sup><sup><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";mso-fareast-language:EN-US">[10]</span></sup></sup></a><o:p></o:p></li></ul>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">While the greatest perceptible cost of the combination of guns and domestic violence is the loss of life, we should also be very disturbed and concerned about the abuse inflicted by domestic violence perpetrators who own, possess, or have
access to firearms. Studies have revealed that abusers who possess guns tend to inflict the most severe abuse on their partners.<a style="mso-footnote-id:ftn11" href="#_ftn11" name="_ftnref11" title=""><sup><sup><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";mso-fareast-language:EN-US">[11]</span></sup></sup></a>
<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><sup><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><sup><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";mso-fareast-language:EN-US">[1]</span></sup></span></sup><span style="font-size:10.0pt">
</span><span lang="EN" style="font-size:10.0pt">Shifman, Pamela and Tillet, Salamisha,
<i>To Stop Violence, Start at Home. </i>New York Times Op-ed (February 2, 2015).</span><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><sup><span style="font-size:10.0pt">2</span></sup><span style="font-size:10.0pt"> Jacquelyn C. Campbell et al. Risk Factors for Femicide in Abusive Relationships. Results from a multisite Case Control Study, 93 Am. J. Pub. Health 1089,
1092 (July 2003). <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><sup><span style="font-size:10.0pt">3</span></sup><span style="font-size:10.0pt"> Linda E. Saltzman, et al., Weapon Involvement and Injury Outcomes in Family and Intimate Assaults. 267 JAMA, 3043-3047 (1992).
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><sup><span style="font-size:10.0pt">4</span></sup><span style="font-size:10.0pt"> Kellermann AL, Rivara FP, Rushforth NB, et al. Gun ownership as a risk factor for homicide in the home.
<i>New England Journal of Medicine. </i>1993;329(15):1084-1091.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><sup><span style="font-size:10.0pt">5 </span></sup><span style="font-size:10.0pt">Shen X., Millet L. , “Homicides Related to Intimate Partner Violence in Oregon: A Seven Year Review,” Oregon Department of Human Services (2010) Portland,
Oregon.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><sup><span style="font-size:10.0pt">6 </span></sup><span style="font-size:10.0pt">Shen X., Millet L., “Homicide Trends and Characteristics in Oregon, 2014 Report,” Oregon Health Authority, Portland, Oregon.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><sup><span style="font-size:10.0pt">7</span></sup><span style="font-size:10.0pt"> Shen X., Millet L., “Violent Deaths in Oregon: 2011,” Oregon Health Authority, Portland, Oregon.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><sup><span style="font-size:10.0pt">8</span></sup><span style="font-size:10.0pt"> Police Chief Magazine: December, 2012.
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><sup><span style="font-size:10.0pt">9</span></sup><span style="font-size:10.0pt"> Id.
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><sup><span style="font-size:10.0pt">10</span></sup><span style="font-size:10.0pt"> Everytown for Gun Safety: Analysis of Recent Mass Shootings (July 2014).
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><sup><span style="font-size:10.0pt">11 </span></sup><span style="font-size:10.0pt">Jacquelyn C. Campbell et al., Risk Factors For Femicide in Abusive Relationships: Results From A Multi-Site Case Control Study, 93 Am. J. of Public Health
1089, 1092 (2003), abstract available at <a href="http://www.ajph.org/cgi/content/abstract/93/7/1089">
http://www.ajph.org/cgi/content/abstract/93/7/1089</a>; <a href="http://jiv.sagepub.com/content/28/6/1143.abstract">
http://jiv.sagepub.com/content/28/6/1143.abstract</a><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Palatino Linotype","serif";color:#1F497D">Erin S. Greenawald</span></b><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif""><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Palatino Linotype","serif";color:#1F497D">Sr. Assistant Attorney General | DA/LE Assistance| Criminal Justice Division</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif""><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Palatino Linotype","serif";color:#1F497D">Oregon Department of Justice</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif""><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Palatino Linotype","serif";color:#1F497D">2250 McGilchrist Street SE, Suite 100, Salem OR 97302</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif""><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Palatino Linotype","serif";color:#1F497D">Main: 503.378.6347 | Desk: 503.934.2024 | Fax: 503.373.1937</span><span style="font-family:"Palatino Linotype","serif";color:#1F497D"> </span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif""><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
</div>
<div style="mso-element:footnote-list"><br clear="all">
<hr align="left" size="1" width="33%">
<div style="mso-element:footnote" id="ftn1">
<p class="MsoFootnoteText"><a style="mso-footnote-id:ftn1" href="#_ftnref1" name="_ftn1" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";mso-fareast-language:EN-US">[1]</span></span></span></a>
<span lang="EN">Shifman, Pamela and Tillet, Salamisha, <i>To Stop Violence, Start at Home.
</i>New York Times Op-ed (February 2, 2015).</span><o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div style="mso-element:footnote" id="ftn2">
<p class="MsoFootnoteText"><a style="mso-footnote-id:ftn2" href="#_ftnref2" name="_ftn2" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";mso-fareast-language:EN-US">[2]</span></span></span></a>
Jacquelyn C. Campbell et al. Risk Factors for Femicide in Abusive Relationships. Results from a multisite Case Control Study, 93 Am. J. Pub. Health 1089, 1092 (July 2003).
<o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div style="mso-element:footnote" id="ftn3">
<p class="MsoFootnoteText"><a style="mso-footnote-id:ftn3" href="#_ftnref3" name="_ftn3" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";mso-fareast-language:EN-US">[3]</span></span></span></a>
Linda E. Saltzman, et al., Weapon Involvement and Injury Outcomes in Family and Intimate Assaults. 267 JAMA, 3043-3047 (1992).
<o:p></o:p></p>
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<div style="mso-element:footnote" id="ftn4">
<p class="MsoFootnoteText"><a style="mso-footnote-id:ftn4" href="#_ftnref4" name="_ftn4" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";mso-fareast-language:EN-US">[4]</span></span></span></a>
Kellermann AL, Rivara FP, Rushforth NB, et al. Gun ownership as a risk factor for homicide in the home.
<i>New England Journal of Medicine. </i>1993;329(15):1084-1091.<o:p></o:p></p>
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<div style="mso-element:footnote" id="ftn5">
<p class="MsoFootnoteText"><a style="mso-footnote-id:ftn5" href="#_ftnref5" name="_ftn5" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";mso-fareast-language:EN-US">[5]</span></span></span></a>
Shen X., Millet L. , “Homicides Related to Intimate Partner Violence in Oregon: A Seven Year Review,” Oregon Department of Human Services (2010) Portland, Oregon.<o:p></o:p></p>
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<div style="mso-element:footnote" id="ftn6">
<p class="MsoFootnoteText"><a style="mso-footnote-id:ftn6" href="#_ftnref6" name="_ftn6" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";mso-fareast-language:EN-US">[6]</span></span></span></a>
Shen X., Millet L., “Homicide Trends and Characteristics in Oregon, 2014 Report,” Oregon Health Authority, Portland, Oregon.<o:p></o:p></p>
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<div style="mso-element:footnote" id="ftn7">
<p class="MsoFootnoteText"><a style="mso-footnote-id:ftn7" href="#_ftnref7" name="_ftn7" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";mso-fareast-language:EN-US">[7]</span></span></span></a>
Shen X., Millet L., “Violent Deaths in Oregon: 2011,” Oregon Health Authority, Portland, Oregon.<o:p></o:p></p>
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<div style="mso-element:footnote" id="ftn8">
<p class="MsoFootnoteText"><a style="mso-footnote-id:ftn8" href="#_ftnref8" name="_ftn8" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";mso-fareast-language:EN-US">[8]</span></span></span></a>
Police Chief Magazine: December, 2012. <o:p></o:p></p>
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<div style="mso-element:footnote" id="ftn9">
<p class="MsoFootnoteText"><a style="mso-footnote-id:ftn9" href="#_ftnref9" name="_ftn9" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";mso-fareast-language:EN-US">[9]</span></span></span></a>
Id. <o:p></o:p></p>
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<div style="mso-element:footnote" id="ftn10">
<p class="MsoFootnoteText"><a style="mso-footnote-id:ftn10" href="#_ftnref10" name="_ftn10" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";mso-fareast-language:EN-US">[10]</span></span></span></a>
Everytown for Gun Safety: Analysis of Recent Mass Shootings (July 2014). <o:p></o:p></p>
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<div style="mso-element:footnote" id="ftn11">
<p class="MsoFootnoteText"><a style="mso-footnote-id:ftn11" href="#_ftnref11" name="_ftn11" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";mso-fareast-language:EN-US">[11]</span></span></span></a>
Jacquelyn C. Campbell et al., Risk Factors For Femicide in Abusive Relationships: Results From A Multi-Site Case Control Study, 93 Am. J. of Public Health 1089, 1092 (2003), abstract available at
<a href="http://www.ajph.org/cgi/content/abstract/93/7/1089">http://www.ajph.org/cgi/content/abstract/93/7/1089</a>;
<a href="http://jiv.sagepub.com/content/28/6/1143.abstract">http://jiv.sagepub.com/content/28/6/1143.abstract</a><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoFootnoteText"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoFootnoteText"><o:p> </o:p></p>
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