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    I'm sorry; I didn't mean to conflate the bandwidth versus legal
    questions. We use pfSense to shape network activity, not for legal
    reasons, but it is one tool that can be used to block offending
    traffic, if a library so chooses. Below I've copied the
    click-through agreement to which wireless users must agree before
    they use our network, in case it helps anyone.<br>
    <br>
    Cheers!<br>
    Buzzy Nielsen<br>
    <br>
    <blockquote>Misuse of library computers will result in the loss of
      computer privileges, potential loss of library privileges, and
      possible prosecution. Such misuse includes, but is not limited to:<br>
      <br>
      1. Using this CCLSD wireless network for unlawful activities (in
      violation of federal, state, or local laws). Unlawful activities
      include, but are not limited to, accessing obscene materials
      and/or child pornography.<br>
      <br>
      2. Hacking into the library computer system or any other computer
      system, damaging or attempting to damage equipment or software;
      interfering with system operations, integrity, or security;
      gaining unauthorized access to another person's files, sending
      harassing messages to other computer users; altering or attempting
      to alter settings of the library computers or network hardware;
      and/or violating copyright laws and software licensing agreements.<br>
      <br>
      3. The Library reserves the right to suspend wireless access or
      other library privileges, or to take other action as necessary,
      for anyone who willfully violates library policies or procedures.<br>
      <br>
      4. CCLSD takes no responsibility for any user data traversing this
      wireless service.<br>
      <br>
      5. Security is the user's responsibility. CCLSD makes no claim
      concerning the security or privacy of data traversing this
      wireless network. It is the user's responsibility to safeguard
      against the risks of hacking, viruses, eavesdropping, and all
      other such hazards. CCLSD is not liable for any loss or damage to
      equipment or data whatsoever, and the user agrees that usage of
      this wireless network is at their own risk to data and property.
      It is the user's responsibility to ensure adequate and up-to-date
      firewall, antivirus, and spyware software is installed.<br>
      <br>
      6. By connecting to this network you agree to these terms and
      policies. If you do not agree to this policy you are not
      authorized to connect to this Coastline wireless network.<br>
    </blockquote>
    <br>
    ******************************<br>
    Assistant Library Director<br>
    North Bend Public Library<br>
    1800 Sherman Ave.<br>
    North Bend, OR 97459<br>
    541-756-0400<br>
    <a href="http://www.cooslibraries.org/">http://www.cooslibraries.org</a><br>
    <br>
    <br>
    On 06/29/2010 12:54 PM, GIBBON Cindy wrote:
    <blockquote
cite="mid:DC0A5AF94EEB48468BF8C6674042387E021ED816@EXCH3.co.multnomah.or.us"
      type="cite">
      <title>Message</title>
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      <div><span class="939152619-29062010"><font size="2"
            color="#0000ff" face="Arial">Just to clarify a bit more, the
            legal issue has to do with receiving notices, usual from the
            library's ISP, that the ISP has heard from a copyright
            holder that someone at one of the library's IP addresses is
            conducting illegal downloads of copyrighted materials. From
            a legal standpoint, the way you protect yourself is to post
            the required notices specified in copyright law.  </font></span></div>
      <div><span class="939152619-29062010"></span> </div>
      <div><span class="939152619-29062010"><font size="2"
            color="#0000ff" face="Arial">When I was reviewing this with
            our attorney, we referred to <span lang="EN">Complete
              Copyright Liability Handbook for Librarians and Educators
              (published in 2006).  The author, attorney Thomas
              Lipinski, suggests that if an institution wants to qualify
              for the "safe harbor" monetary liability limits offered in
              Section 512 of the copyright law, there should be a notice
              to patrons like the one I quote below, which is both in
              our Acceptable Use of the Internet policy and on our
              click-thru agreement.</span></font></span></div>
      <div><span class="939152619-29062010"></span> </div>
      <div><span class="939152619-29062010"><font size="2"
            color="#0000ff" face="Arial">The bandwidth issue is separate
            and is really a library resource management issue.  Too many
            bittorrent users and the rest of your users won't be able to
            get access becasue your bandwidth is all chewed up.</font></span></div>
      <div><span class="939152619-29062010"></span> </div>
      <div><span class="939152619-29062010"><font size="2"
            color="#0000ff" face="Arial">Cindy</font></span></div>
      <div> </div>
      <div> </div>
      <!-- Converted from text/rtf format -->
      <p><span lang="en-us"><font size="2" face="Arial">Cindy Gibbon</font></span>
        <br>
        <span lang="en-us"><font size="2" face="Arial">Senior Library
            Manager for</font></span> <br>
        <span lang="en-us"><font size="2" face="Arial">Access and IT
            Services</font></span> <br>
        <span lang="en-us"><font size="2" face="Arial">Multnomah County
            Library</font></span> <br>
        <span lang="en-us"><font size="2" face="Arial">205 NE Russell
            Street</font></span> <br>
        <span lang="en-us"><font size="2" face="Arial">Portland, OR 
            97212</font></span> <br>
        <span lang="en-us"><font size="2" face="Arial">503-988-5496
            (voice)</font></span> <br>
        <span lang="en-us"><font size="2" face="Arial">503-988-5441
            (fax)</font></span> <br>
        <span lang="en-us"><font size="2" face="Arial"><a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:cindyg@multcolib.org">cindyg@multcolib.org</a></font></span>
      </p>
      <blockquote dir="ltr" style="margin-right: 0px;">
        <div class="OutlookMessageHeader" dir="ltr" align="left"
          lang="en-us"><font size="2" face="Tahoma">-----Original
            Message-----<br>
            <b>From:</b> <a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:libs-or-bounces@listsmart.osl.state.or.us">libs-or-bounces@listsmart.osl.state.or.us</a>
            [<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="mailto:libs-or-bounces@listsmart.osl.state.or.us">mailto:libs-or-bounces@listsmart.osl.state.or.us</a>] <b>On
              Behalf Of </b>TUCKER-RAYMOND Caleb<br>
            <b>Sent:</b> Tuesday, June 29, 2010 11:50 AM<br>
            <b>To:</b> Buzzy Nielsen; <a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:libs-or@listsmart.osl.state.or.us">libs-or@listsmart.osl.state.or.us</a><br>
            <b>Subject:</b> Re: [Libs-Or] Bittorrent downloading in
            libraries--Any solutions?<br>
            <br>
          </font></div>
        <div><span class="565464418-29062010"><font size="2"
              color="#0000ff" face="Arial">Just curious here -
              Bittorrent users aren't necessarily doing anything
              illegal, so is this really a bandwidth issue? If so, how
              can libraries respond to the kind of legal pressure that
              Wilsonville is facing?</font></span></div>
        <div><span class="565464418-29062010"></span> </div>
        <div><span class="565464418-29062010"><!-- Converted from text/rtf format -->
            <p><span lang="en-us"><font size="2" face="Arial"><!-- Converted from text/rtf format --></font></span></p>
            <font size="2" face="Arial"> </font>
            <p><span lang="en-us"><font size="2" face="Arial"><font
                    size="2" face="Arial">Caleb</font><font size="2"
                    face="Arial"> Tucker-Raymond</font></font></span><font
                size="2" face="Arial"> </font></p>
            <font size="2" face="Arial"> </font>
            <p><span lang="en-us"><font size="2" face="Arial"><font
                    size="2" face="Arial">Oregon Statewide Reference
                    Service Coordinator</font></font></span><font
                size="2" face="Arial"> <br>
                <span lang="en-us"><font size="2" face="Arial">Multnomah
                    County Library</font></span> <br>
                <span lang="en-us"><font size="2" face="Arial">(503)
                    988-5438</font></span> <br>
                <span lang="en-us"><font size="2" face="Arial"><a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:calebt@multcolib.org">calebt@multcolib.org</a></font></span>
                <br>
                <span lang="en-us"><font size="2" face="Arial">AIM/Y!:
                    calebMCL</font></span> <br>
                <span lang="en-us"><font size="2" face="Arial"><a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="http://www.oregonlibraries.net">www.oregonlibraries.net</a></font></span>
              </font></p>
          </span></div>
        <div><span class="565464418-29062010"></span> </div>
        <div><span class="565464418-29062010"></span> </div>
        <blockquote dir="ltr" style="margin-right: 0px;">
          <div class="OutlookMessageHeader" dir="ltr" align="left"
            lang="en-us"><font size="2" face="Tahoma">-----Original
              Message-----<br>
              <b>From:</b> <a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:libs-or-bounces@listsmart.osl.state.or.us">libs-or-bounces@listsmart.osl.state.or.us</a>
              [<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="mailto:libs-or-bounces@listsmart.osl.state.or.us">mailto:libs-or-bounces@listsmart.osl.state.or.us</a>] <b>On
                Behalf Of </b>Buzzy Nielsen<br>
              <b>Sent:</b> Tuesday, June 29, 2010 11:43 AM<br>
              <b>To:</b> <a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:libs-or@listsmart.osl.state.or.us">libs-or@listsmart.osl.state.or.us</a><br>
              <b>Subject:</b> Re: [Libs-Or] Bittorrent downloading in
              libraries--Any solutions?<br>
              <br>
            </font></div>
          Hi Greg,<br>
          <br>
          I asked our district's network admin about this, and he gave
          some useful information. Like Multnomah, we have the
          boilerplate agreement to which wired and wireless users alike
          must agree before proceeding (i.e. don't use our computers for
          illegal stuff). On our wired computers, we've "hidden" access
          to the bittorrent client, although it does launch if a patron
          opens a torrent file via the browser.<br>
          <br>
          Our main technique for controlling it, though, is that we
          throttle incoming and outgoing connections from popular
          bittorrent and other P2P ports, so they don't draw a lot of
          overall bandwidth. We use an open source firewall program
          called pfSense ( <a moz-do-not-send="true"
            href="http://www.pfsense.com/">http://www.pfsense.com/</a>).<br>
          <br>
          Caveat: all of our public computers, most of our servers, and
          many of our staff stations run some flavor of Linux, so your
          mileage may vary with these solutions.<br>
          <br>
          Cheers!<br>
          Buzzy<br>
           <br>
          ******************************<br>
          Assistant Library Director<br>
          North Bend Public Library<br>
          1800 Sherman Ave.<br>
          North Bend, OR 97459<br>
          541-756-0400<br>
          <a moz-do-not-send="true" href="http://www.cooslibraries.org/">http://www.cooslibraries.org</a><br>
          <br>
          <br>
          On 06/28/2010 04:19 PM, GIBBON Cindy wrote:
          <blockquote
cite="mid:DC0A5AF94EEB48468BF8C6674042387E021ED7F9@EXCH3.co.multnomah.or.us"
            type="cite">
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            <div><span class="433171123-28062010"><font size="2"
                  color="#0000ff" face="Arial">Greg, we aren't blocking
                  bit torrent downloading, but we might consider it if
                  we could figure out a good way to do it.  Aside from
                  all else, it takes an awful lot of our wireless
                  bandwidth and leaves other users sometimes unable to
                  do what they need to do.  However, our legal counsel
                  did suggest we add this statement to our Acceptable
                  User of the Interent rules and our click-thru
                  agreement that all patrons must agree to at log-in. 
                  Our understanding is that from a legal standpoint, we
                  do not need to be concerned about
                  library/county  liability in these situations.  I
                  think the principle is similar to the warnings that we
                  post a copy machines.  This statement comes out of a
                  manual on copyright issues for libraries which is
                  sitting in my office (and I'm not) so I can't dredge
                  up the title right now.  Anyway, here are the words we
                  adapted:</font></span></div>
            <div><span class="433171123-28062010"></span> </div>
            <div><span class="433171123-28062010">
                <h3>Notice: Warning of Copyright Restrictions </h3>
                <p>As a patron, your ability to post or link to
                  copyrighted material is governed by United States
                  copyright law. The library reserves the right to
                  delete or disable any post or link that, in the
                  judgment of library staff, violates copyright law. In
                  accordance with 17 USC S 512 (i)(1)(A), the library
                  may terminate a patron’s access to the system or
                  network for disrespect of the intellectual property
                  rights of others, or for repeat infringements of
                  copyright. The library has adopted this policy and
                  will make all reasonable effort to enforce it in
                  appropriate circumstances.</p>
              </span></div>
            <div><span class="433171123-28062010"><font size="2"
                  color="#0000ff" face="Arial">If your legal counsel
                  wants to talk to ours, let me know.</font></span></div>
            <div><span class="433171123-28062010"></span> </div>
            <div><span class="433171123-28062010"><font size="2"
                  color="#0000ff" face="Arial">Cindy</font></span></div>
            <div><span class="433171123-28062010"></span> </div>
            <div><span class="433171123-28062010"><font size="2"
                  color="#0000ff" face="Arial">Cindy Gibbon</font></span></div>
            <div><span class="433171123-28062010"><font size="2"
                  color="#0000ff" face="Arial">Senior Library Manager
                  for </font></span></div>
            <div><span class="433171123-28062010"><font size="2"
                  color="#0000ff" face="Arial">Access and IT Services</font></span></div>
            <div><span class="433171123-28062010"><font size="2"
                  color="#0000ff" face="Arial">Multnomah County Library</font></span></div>
            <div><span class="433171123-28062010"></span> </div>
            <blockquote dir="ltr" style="margin-right: 0px;">
              <div class="OutlookMessageHeader" dir="ltr" align="left"
                lang="en-us"><font size="2" face="Tahoma">-----Original
                  Message-----<br>
                  <b>From:</b> <a moz-do-not-send="true"
                    class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated"
                    href="mailto:libs-or-bounces@listsmart.osl.state.or.us">libs-or-bounces@listsmart.osl.state.or.us</a>
                  [<a moz-do-not-send="true"
                    class="moz-txt-link-freetext"
                    href="mailto:libs-or-bounces@listsmart.osl.state.or.us">mailto:libs-or-bounces@listsmart.osl.state.or.us</a>]
                  <b>On Behalf Of </b>Martin, Greg<br>
                  <b>Sent:</b> Monday, June 28, 2010 3:04 PM<br>
                  <b>To:</b> '<a moz-do-not-send="true"
                    class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated"
                    href="mailto:libs-or@listsmart.osl.state.or.us">libs-or@listsmart.osl.state.or.us</a>'<br>
                  <b>Subject:</b> [Libs-Or] Bittorrent downloading in
                  libraries--Any solutions?<br>
                  <br>
                </font></div>
              <div class="Section1">
                <p class="MsoNormal"><font size="2" face="Arial"><span
                      style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial;">Hi
                      All,<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
                <p class="MsoNormal"><font size="2" face="Arial"><span
                      style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial;"><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
                <p class="MsoNormal"><font size="2" face="Arial"><span
                      style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial;">I’d
                      like to throw out a couple of questions about
                      bittorrent downloading in Oregon’s libraries. Our
                      own library’s free and open wireless access
                      sometimes plays host to nefarious copyright
                      scofflaws who download copyrighted files, leading
                      to threatening legal notices being received by our
                      fair city, as the owner of the IP range.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
                <p class="MsoNormal"><font size="2" face="Arial"><span
                      style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial;"><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
                <p class="MsoNormal"><font size="2" face="Arial"><span
                      style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial;">Question
                      #1: Does anyone know what, if any, legal penalties
                      face the library (or the city) for this activity?
                      I’ve understood it to be something of a gray area
                      in the recent past. Has that changed?<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
                <p class="MsoNormal"><font size="2" face="Arial"><span
                      style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial;"><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
                <p class="MsoNormal"><font size="2" face="Arial"><span
                      style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial;">Question
                      #2: Are there any technological fixes that can be
                      instituted to stop or sabotage our
                      moustache-twisting villains? We have our wireless
                      router broadcasting only when the library is open.
                      Additionally we have our wireless upload rate
                      choked off, but I’ve been told that the servers
                      can’t distinguish between bittorrent downloading
                      and ‘regular’ downloading, meaning that there is
                      no effective means to limit bittorrent downloads
                      without negatively affecting our system as a
                      whole. True? <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
                <p class="MsoNormal"><font size="2" face="Arial"><span
                      style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial;"><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
                <p class="MsoNormal"><font size="2" face="Arial"><span
                      style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial;">Further,
                      I’m given to understand that although Multnomah
                      County (public) has a click-through agreement
                      prohibiting illegal activity, bittorrent
                      downloading still works just fine there. I’d
                      suppose if anyone would have a technical solution
                      in place, they would.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
                <p class="MsoNormal"><font size="2" face="Arial"><span
                      style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial;"><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
                <p class="MsoNormal"><font size="2" face="Arial"><span
                      style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial;">Any
                      answers much appreciated. Please copy the list, if
                      possible.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
                <p class="MsoNormal"><font size="2" face="Arial"><span
                      style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial;"><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
                <p class="MsoNormal"><font size="2" face="Arial"><span
                      style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial;">Cheers,<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
                <p class="MsoNormal"><font size="2" face="Arial"><span
                      style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial;"><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
                <p class="MsoNormal"><font size="2" face="Arial"><span
                      style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial;">Greg
                      Martin<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
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