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<p style="margin:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt"><b><u><span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:black">April 2017 Tuesday Topic: Privacy and Net Neutrality: An Update<o:p></o:p></span></u></b></p>
<p style="margin:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt"><span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:black"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p style="margin:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt"><span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif">Welcome to Tuesday Topics, a monthly series covering topics with intellectual freedom implications for libraries of all types. Each message is prepared by a member of OLA's
Intellectual Freedom Committee or a guest writer. Questions can be directed to the author of the topic or to one of the
</span><a href="mailto:ifc.chair@olaweb.org"><span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif">co-chairs of the IFC.</span></a><span class="MsoHyperlink"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style="margin:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt"><span class="MsoHyperlink"><span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif"><o:p><span style="text-decoration:none"> </span></o:p></span></span></p>
<p style="margin:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt"><img border="0" width="269" height="105" id="_x0000_i1025" src="cid:image001.jpg@01D2BDA2.E21452A0"><span class="MsoHyperlink"><span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p style="margin:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt"><span style="color:black"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p style="margin:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt"><span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:black"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p style="margin:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt"><span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:black">With the change in presidential administrations comes an entirely new climate surrounding net neutrality and online privacy. Now at the helm of the Federal
Communications Commission is Chairman Ajit Pai, a former Verizon lawyer who previously served as an FCC Commissioner. His philosophy is that “</span><span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif">consumers benefit most from competition, not preemptive regulation.
Free markets have delivered more value to American consumers than highly regulated ones.”<sup>1</sup> This philosophy has already played out in the following ways:<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style="margin:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt"><span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p style="margin:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt"><b><span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif">Privacy<o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
<p style="margin:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt"><b><span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif"><o:p> </o:p></span></b></p>
<p style="margin:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt"><span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif">In October 2016 the FCC adopted rules that allow consumers “to decide how data are used and shared by broadband providers.”<sup>2</sup> Under those rules, ISPs had to
obtain explicit permission from consumers to use, share, or sell “sensitive information, including geo-location information, financial information, health information, children’s information, social security numbers,” browsing history, and app usage.<sup>3</sup>
Those rules hadn’t yet gone into effect, but on April 3<sup>rd</sup> the President signed
</span><a href="https://www.congress.gov/bill/115th-congress/senate-joint-resolution/34?"><span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif">Senate joint resolution 34</span></a><span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif"> into law, which nullifies them. The result:
ISPs are now allowed to mine users’ internet-generated data, profile users’ online behaviors, and sell that information to marketers.<sup>4</sup> Google and Facebook, generally not subject to FCC rules, have long been collecting consumer data, “but online
advertising executives say telecom providers potentially have access to more powerful data than the two tech powerhouses.”<sup>5</sup> Another result of the law is that the FCC is no longer allowed to create similar privacy regulations in the future.<sup>6</sup>
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style="margin:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt"><span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p style="margin:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt"><b><span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif">Net Neutrality<o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
<p style="margin:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt"><span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p style="margin:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt"><span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif">Net neutrality rules, adopted by the FCC in 2015, prevented the division of the internet into “pay-to-play” fast lanes that would benefit web and media companies while
non-commercial entities (e.g. consumers and librarians) could be left using slow lanes. Such a divided internet could result in unequal access to internet content where commercially provided content would be preferred. As part of the ruling, broadband internet
service providers (ISPs) were classified as common-carrier utility services, which must comply with more stringent oversight.
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style="margin:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt"><span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p style="margin:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt"><span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif">Chairman Pai has indicated he will repeal those net neutrality rules, although the timetable for that will be slower than the privacy ruling that Congress enacted.<sup>7</sup>
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style="margin:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt"><span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p style="margin:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt"><b><span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif">What can library staff do?<o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
<p style="margin:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt"><span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p style="mso-margin-top-alt:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:0in;margin-left:.5in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l1 level1 lfo1">
<![if !supportLists]><span style="font-family:Symbol"><span style="mso-list:Ignore">·<span style="font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"">
</span></span></span><![endif]><span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif">Net neutrality is a hot button issue with the public; the FCC received more than 1 million public comments before the 2015 ruling<sup>8</sup><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style="mso-margin-top-alt:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:0in;margin-left:1.0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l1 level2 lfo1">
<![if !supportLists]><span style="font-family:"Courier New""><span style="mso-list:Ignore">o<span style="font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"">
</span></span></span><![endif]><span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif">Keep an
</span><a href="https://www.nytimes.com/topic/subject/net-neutrality?8qa"><span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif">eye on the news</span></a><span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif"> and comment when the FCC announces new rules<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style="mso-margin-top-alt:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:0in;margin-left:.5in;margin-bottom:.0001pt">
<span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p style="margin:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt"><span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif">ALA makes the following privacy recommendations:<sup>9</sup>
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style="mso-margin-top-alt:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:0in;margin-left:.75in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo2">
<![if !supportLists]><span style="font-family:Symbol"><span style="mso-list:Ignore">·<span style="font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"">
</span></span></span><![endif]><span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif">Participate in the
</span><a href="http://www.ala.org/advocacy/encryption-and-patron-privacy"><span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif">movement to encrypt all web traffic</span></a><span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif"> by moving library websites and services to HTTPS,
which prevents intermediaries like ISPs from eavesdropping<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style="mso-margin-top-alt:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:0in;margin-left:1.25in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l0 level2 lfo2">
<![if !supportLists]><span style="font-family:"Courier New""><span style="mso-list:Ignore">o<span style="font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"">
</span></span></span><![endif]><span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif">The </span>
<a href="https://letsencrypt.org/"><span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif">Let’s Encrypt</span></a><span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif"> initiative provides free and easy to install certificates for HTTPS websites
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style="mso-margin-top-alt:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:0in;margin-left:.75in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo2">
<![if !supportLists]><span style="font-family:Symbol"><span style="mso-list:Ignore">·<span style="font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"">
</span></span></span><![endif]><span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif">Negotiate contracts with ISPs that prevent the collection of browser history and other data of internet users in the library<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style="mso-margin-top-alt:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:0in;margin-left:.75in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo2">
<![if !supportLists]><span style="font-family:Symbol"><span style="mso-list:Ignore">·<span style="font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"">
</span></span></span><![endif]><span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif">Provide anonymous internet access to patrons using
</span><a href="https://www.torproject.org/projects/torbrowser.html.en"><span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif">the Tor browser</span></a><span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif"> or similar technologies<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style="mso-margin-top-alt:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:0in;margin-left:.75in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo2">
<![if !supportLists]><span class="MsoHyperlink"><span style="font-family:Symbol;color:windowtext;text-decoration:none"><span style="mso-list:Ignore">·<span style="font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"">
</span></span></span></span><![endif]><span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif">Teach users to protect themselves from online surveillance by using technologies such as public proxies,
</span><a href="https://krebsonsecurity.com/2017/03/post-fcc-privacy-rules-should-you-vpn/"><span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif">Virtual Private Networks (VPNs)</span></a><span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif">, and anonymity networks such as
Tor <span class="MsoHyperlink"><span style="color:windowtext;text-decoration:none"><o:p></o:p></span></span></span></p>
<p style="margin:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p style="margin:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt"><span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif">The Electronic Frontier Foundation has also
</span><a href="https://www.eff.org/deeplinks/2017/04/heres-how-protect-your-privacy-your-internet-service-provider"><span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif">provided guidelines</span></a><span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif"> to protect users’ privacy
from ISPs.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style="mso-margin-top-alt:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:0in;margin-left:.25in;margin-bottom:.0001pt">
<span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p style="margin:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt"><span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p style="margin:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt"><span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif">Sources<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoFootnoteText"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;mso-fareast-language:EN-US">[1]</span></span></span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif">
Federal Communications Commission, “</span><a href="https://www.fcc.gov/about/leadership/ajit-pai"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif">Ajit Pai, FCC Chairman</span></a><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif">,”
(no date).<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoFootnoteText"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif">2</span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif"> Federal Communications Commission, “</span><a href="https://www.fcc.gov/document/fcc-adopts-broadband-consumer-privacy-rules"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif">FCC
adopts broadband consumer privacy rules</span></a><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif">,” October 27, 2016.
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoFootnoteText"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif">3</span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif"> Office for Intellectual Freedom, American Library Association,
“</span><a href="https://chooseprivacyweek.org/how-libraries-can-respond-to-the-repeal-of-the-fcc-privacy-rules/"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif">How libraries can respond to the repeal of the FCC privacy rules</span></a><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif">,”
March 31, 2017. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoFootnoteText"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif">4</span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif"> Jack Marshall, “CMO Today: Internet privacy for sale,”
<i>Wall Street Journal</i>, March 31, 2017. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoFootnoteText"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif">5</span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif"> Ibid.
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style="margin:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif">6</span></span><span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif"> Jeff Dunn, “</span><a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/republicans-kill-fcc-broadband-privacy-rules-2017-3"><span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif">Senate
Republicans just voted to give internet providers the green light to sell your web-browsing data without your consent</span></a><span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif">,”
<i>Business Insider</i>, March 23, 2017. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoFootnoteText"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif">7</span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif"> Steve Lohr, “</span><a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2017/03/30/technology/net-neutrality.html?_r=0"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif">Net
neutrality is Trump’s next target, administration says</span></a><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif">,”
<i>The New York Times</i>, March 30, 2017. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoFootnoteText"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif">8</span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif"> Ibid.
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style="margin:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif">9</span></span><span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif"> Office for Intellectual Freedom, American Library Association, “</span><a href="https://chooseprivacyweek.org/how-libraries-can-respond-to-the-repeal-of-the-fcc-privacy-rules/"><span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif">How
libraries can respond to the repeal of the FCC privacy rules</span></a><span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif">,” March 31, 2017.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style="margin:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt"><span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p style="margin:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt"><span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif">Krista Reynolds, co-chair of the IFC<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#002664">Krista Reynolds, MLIS, M.Ed.</span></b><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><i><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:gray">Head of Library Reference and Instruction</span></i><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma",sans-serif"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#002664">Concordia University
</span></b><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma",sans-serif"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:gray">t</span></b><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:gray"> 503-493-6246 </span><b><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma",sans-serif">
</span></b><b><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:gray">f</span></b><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:gray"> 503-280-8697</span><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma",sans-serif"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:gray">2811 NE Holman Street Portland, OR 97211</span><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma",sans-serif"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma",sans-serif"><a href="http://www.cu-portland.edu/" target="_blank"><span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:gray">www.cu-portland.edu</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></p>
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